我的Docker学习笔记
Docker学习资料：
官方：http://docs.docker.com/userguide/
中文：http://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/introduction/what.html
docker compose 连接外部容器
方法一：将docker compose使用的默认网络指定为外部容器的网络：
docker-compose.yml文件如下：
version: '2' services: kafka: image: wurstmeister/kafka:2.12-2.3.0 ports: - "9092" environment: DOCKER_API_VERSION: 1.22 KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: 192.168.66.11 KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181 volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock networks: default: external: name: zookeeper
这里例子中，指定了外部的名为“zookeeper”的网络。
提示：关于怎么创建 docker 自定义网络，参见docker官方文档。
方法二：扩展docker compose的网络，加入外部网络进来：
docker-compose.yml文件如下：
version: '2' services: kafka: image: wurstmeister/kafka:2.12-2.3.0 networks: - default - zookeeper ports: - "9092" environment: DOCKER_API_VERSION: 1.22 KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: 192.168.66.11 KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181 volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock networks: zookeeper: external: true
这里例子中，声明了名为“zookeeper”的外部网络，并在kafka中把它和default网络连接起来。
docker-compose在配置和环境变量中获取docker ip
需要Dockerfile支持，以下方法仅供参考：
先像这样配置
environment:
KAFKA_ADVERTISED_HOST_NAME: 192.168.66.11
PORT_COMMAND: "docker port $$(hostname) 9092/tcp | cut -d: -f2"
KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: PLAINTEXT://kafka:_{PORT_COMMAND}然后在Dockerfile的 Entrypoint脚本中执行 PORT_COMMAND，得到PORT_VALUE，然后把 _{PORT_COMMAND} 替换成PORT_VALUE。如下示例：
# Store original IFS config, so we can restore it at various stages
ORIG_IFS=$IFS
if [[ -n "$PORT_COMMAND" ]]; then
PORT_VALUE=$(eval "$PORT_COMMAND")
# Replace any occurences of _{PORT_COMMAND} with the value
IFS=$'\n'
for VAR in $(env); do
if [[ "$VAR" =~ "_{PORT_COMMAND}" ]]; then
eval "export ${VAR//_\{PORT_COMMAND\}/$PORT_VALUE}"
fi
done
IFS=$ORIG_IFS
fi一、Ubuntu下安装docker
安装教程：http://docs.docker.com/installation/#installation
系统安装好后
vi /etc/environment
追加下面两行
export http_proxy="http://172.17.18.84:8080"
export https_proxy="https://172.17.18.84:8080"
保存
sudo apt-get install docker.io（等待执行完成，装完后网络会因冲突中断）
sudo service docker.io stop
ip link del docker0 （网络恢复）
vim /etc/default/docker.io
追加下面两行
DOCKER_OPTS="--bip=10.0.42.1/20"
export http_proxy="http://172.17.18.84:8080"
保存
sudo service docker.io start
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安装nsenter
docker run --rm -v /usr/local/bin:/target jpetazzo/nsenter
验证安装是否成功
which nsenter
which docker-enter
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————
系统安装好后
vi /etc/environment
追加下面两行
export http_proxy="http://172.17.18.84:8080"
export https_proxy="https://172.17.18.84:8080"
保存
sudo apt-get install docker.io（等待执行完成，装完后网络会因冲突中断）
sudo service docker.io stop
ip link del docker0 （网络恢复）
vim /etc/default/docker.io
追加下面两行
DOCKER_OPTS="--bip=10.0.42.1/20"
export http_proxy="http://172.17.18.84:8080"
保存
sudo service docker.io start
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
安装nsenter
docker run --rm -v /usr/local/bin:/target jpetazzo/nsenter
验证安装是否成功
which nsenter
which docker-enter
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————
二、Docker基本操作
Commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path
diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on a container
kill Kill a running container
load Load an image from a tar archive
login Register or Login to the docker registry server
logs Fetch the logs of a container
port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
pause Pause all processes within a container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server
push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server
restart Restart a running container
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save an image to a tar archive
search Search for an image in the docker index
start Start a stopped container
stop Stop a running container
tag Tag an image into a repository
top Lookup the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause a paused container
version Show the docker version information
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
例如：
sudo docker run ...
$ sudo docker stop insane_babbage
Commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path
diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on a container
kill Kill a running container
load Load an image from a tar archive
login Register or Login to the docker registry server
logs Fetch the logs of a container
port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
pause Pause all processes within a container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server
push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server
restart Restart a running container
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save an image to a tar archive
search Search for an image in the docker index
start Start a stopped container
stop Stop a running container
tag Tag an image into a repository
top Lookup the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause a paused container
version Show the docker version information
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
1、保持bash运行容器
$ sudo docker run -t -i ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bashThe
-t flag assigns a pseudo-tty or terminal inside our new container
and the -i flag allows us to make an interactive connection by
grabbing the standard in (STDIN) of the container.退出：
root@af8bae53bdd3:/# exit
2、以守护进程运行A Daemonized Hello world
$ sudo docker run -d ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done"
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1e5535038e28 ubuntu:14.04 /bin/sh -c 'while tr 2 minutes ago Up 1 minute insane_babbage
$ sudo docker ps -l
查看输出$ sudo docker logs insane_babbage
停止容器
$ sudo docker stop insane_babbage
查看指令的帮助：
例如：$ sudo docker attach --help
命令详细说明和例子：
http://docs.docker.com/reference/commandline/cli/